anagement challenges and eclipses taps singapore the amounts experienced even in the wettest parts of Florida (1?mm per year).3 The Four National Taps3.1 Water Imports from MalaysiaAs noted previously two water agreements between Malaysia and Singapore were signed in 1961 and 1962, The current (second) agreement still provides up to 250 mgd (1? This water enters Singapore via a pipeline at the causeway between Singapore and Johor, Malaysia. Singapore and Malaysia have a long history of water import agreements that stretches back t taps singaporeo 1927, and a new round of water negotiations b (2012), but an important feature is the inclusion of a 0.3 m ogin at the DBS PayLah! also opens its payment platform to SME sector, State-backed investment companies in Sinherefore studies such as that done by Chua et al. (2012) should be further pursued. Constructed WetlandsConstructed wetlands require minimal techn taps singaporeical expertise for maintenance, are cost effective and environmentally friendly. No chemicals are needed for treatment and electricity is not con-sumed (Koottatep et al. 2005; Paing and Voisin 2005). Technically they are a feasible approach for treatment of stormwater runoff; municipal, industrial and agricultural wastewater; landfill leach-ate; and faecal sludge (Nielsen 2005; Brix et al. 2007; Kengne et al.2008; Koottatep and Panuvatvanich 2010). Visoth et al. (201Page 7 74 Results of Pilot ProjectsThis section describes the preliminary results of three pilot projects conducted by undergraduate students at the National Institute of Education (NIE), Nanyang Technological University (NTU), as part of the course requirements in AAG103 and AAG3 during the Fall (August–December) semester, 2012. Because these studies were done as part of course requirements, but collectively they underscore some of the issues raised in the previous section and suggest avenues for new research.1 Acceptance of NEWaterOne group of five students in AAG103 (Techniques in Geography) conducted a blind taste test of NEWater (described in Section 3.2) and of tap taps singapore water from one of the student’s HDB apartments, and a questionnaire about acceptance of NEWater was administered at the same time. The survey was conducted on the NIE campus and the 60 participants included students.ration, and the collec-tion of urban runoff in drinking water reservoirs, there is some interest in examining ba taps singaporecteria levels in dry weather flow. two groups of students in AAG333 collected and analyzed dry weather samples in the storm drains of the Toa Payoh urban plan-ning region.which is one of the first HDB estate areas constructed in Singapore. 2013 in the storm drains of Toa Payoh Lorong 6 and Toa Payoh Lorong 8 using Isco pump samplers and were kept on ice in the field at 4 °taps singaporeC. Samples were analyzed for E. coli using the IDEXX Quanti-Tray/2000 MPN method (IDEXX 2007; Chua et al. 2010) at the NIE Life Sciences Laboratory.Results of the sampling effort are shown in Figure 11. Because additional tests that had limited reagent availability were being condconsistently has developed the water management system in the interest of public good;3. Political Will In addition to leadership, the polit-ical structure and stability need to be in place to mic Capacity As 05, fostering creativity and innovation. Tortajada and Joshi (2013) observed that the Singa-porean school curriculum has played a central role in educating future generations with respect to water and the environment. For example, in 1987 a water conservation course was introduced at the second-ary level to explain Singapore’s water challenges and the importance of conservation;8. Olds (2007) concluded that Singapore has embraced a shift to a knowledge based economy where there is a need for “Enhanced and diversified services and high valued added manufacturing sectors.as well as better educated and more skilled citizen subjects; creative souls that would contribute to contemporary and especially future developments.” Clearly this philosophy links back to point 7, but as noted by Olds (2007), the Economic Development Board’s Industry 21 strategy emphasizes:… manufacturing and service industries with astrong emphasis on technology, talents, resources, capital anouEconosignehttp://www.bath.com/home/Products.aspx?Category=3&Series=39